Collège De France (général)

Edith HeardCollège de FranceEpigénétique et mémoire cellulaireAnnée 2024-2025Conférence - Virginijus Šikšnys : From CRISPR-Cas Immunity to Targeted Genome Editing and BeyondVirginijus ŠikšnysProfesseur, Vilnius University, VilniusVirginijus Šikšnys est invité par l'assemblée du Collège de France sur proposition de la Pr Edith Heard.RésuméBacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) pose a lethal threat to bacteria. In response, bacteria evolved multiple defense barriers that comprise a primitive immune system of bacteria. CRISPR-Cas system functions as an adaptive immune system that provides resistance against invading viruses. CRISPR-Cas immunity is enabled by programmable nucleases that act as DNA scissors that recognize and destroy invading nucleic acids. Easy programmability of CRISPR-Cas nucleases paved the way for the development of versatile tools for targeted genome engineering. Currently, Cas9 and Cas12 CRISPR-Cas nucleases are rapidly advancing into the clinics for the treatment of different diseas